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Most graduates of theoretical and mathematical physics work in research, either in academia, in private industry, or for the government. Academically, graduates can work in universities teaching theoretical physics and applied mathematics while doing theoretical research at the same time.
Private corporations such as Google, IBM, Microsoft, and Yahoo use theoretical physicists as quantitative researchers, analytical programmers, and computational scientists. Graduates in mathematical physics are also sought after in a variety of fields. For example they are used in the energy sector, in the semi-conductor industry, in the field of telecommunications, and in medical technology.
Government agencies and laboratories regularly hire theoretical and mathematical physicists. Agencies such as NASA, Canadian Space Agency, and the Department of National Defense use such people to formulate new theories to support that agency's agenda.
Due to their extensive mathematics background, graduates in theoretical and mathematical physics can be employed in nonstandard fields such as finance, software, or management consulting. See the articles on cryptography and software engineering for more information.
A degree in theoretical physics can be used for other branches of physics such as particle physics, nuclear physics, or astrophysics. It can also serve as a stepping-stone for a career in medical physics, nanotechnology, or nuclear medicine. See these articles for more information.
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